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International consensuses and guidelines on clinical practices on abducens nerve palsy by the Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Society (APSPOS) and the Academy of Asia-Pacific Professors of Ophthalmology (AAPPO).
Abducens nerve palsy is the most common ocular motor neuropathy, with a population-based annual incidence of approximately 4.7-11.3 per 100,000. It classically manifests as esotropia, horizontal diplopia, abduction deficit and compensatory …
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Heller myotomy in patients with prior endoscopic interventions vs the treatment-naïve.
[BACKGROUND] Definitive palliation for achalasia is surgical myotomy; however, patients frequently undergo endoscopic treatments prior to myotomy. Surgeons may perceive myotomy to be more challenging after prior treatments, due to scarring …
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Peroral endoscopic myotomy provides effective palliation in type III achalasia.
[BACKGROUND] Type III achalasia outcomes have historically been met with limited success after conventional laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) and pneumatic dilation. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has emerged as a promising alterative fo…
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Minimal Incision Technique for Gynecomastia.
[BACKGROUND] Gynecomastia or enlargement of the male breasts affects a large proportion of males, with most patients requiring surgical intervention as only a few lesions are actually resolved with medical management alone. Surgery cures th…