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6건 · 최신순-
From Muscular Hypertonus to Equilibrium: A Conceptual Framework for Aesthetic Neuromodulation Based on the Index of Muscular Equilibrium (IME).
Facial neuromodulation with botulinum toxin has traditionally been approached from the perspective of wrinkle correction. However, facial expressions primarily arise from coordinated muscular interactions that convey both positive and negat…
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From Molecular Cleavage to Clinical Effect: A Probabilistic Field Model of Botulinum Toxin Action.
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is a highly specific molecular enzyme whose therapeutic action is based on the proteolytic cleavage of SNARE proteins, most notably SNAP-25. Despite the deterministic nature of this molecular mechanism, the clinical e…
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Marginal Orbicularis Oris Hyperactivity (MOOH): An Exploratory Case Series of Inversion-Dominant Upper Lip Dynamics Following Intraoral Botulinum Toxin Type A.
Excessive gingival display (EGD) is most commonly attributed to vertical upper lip elevation, short lip length, or dentoalveolar disproportion. However, some patients exhibit gingival or mucosal visibility during smiling despite minimal ver…
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Augmentation Mammaplasty After Breast Enhancement With Hyaluronic Acid.
[BACKGROUND] Macrolane is a stabilized, hyaluronic acid-based gel that has been available since 2007 as a minimally invasive, nonpermanent option for breast enhancement. However, numerous controversies pertaining to its side effects have hi…
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Implant infection after augmentation mammaplasty: a review of the literature and report of a multidrug-resistant Candida albicans infection.
[BACKGROUND] Implant breast augmentation is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures, and fungal infection still is considered exceptional. This report presents a case of bilateral breast implant infection by multidrug-resis…
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Long-term results of a versatile technique for umbilicoplasty in abdominoplasty.
[BACKGROUND] Umbilical repositioning is a main step in performing abdominoplasty. The surgical aims are minimal visible scars and a natural-appearing result. Reported techniques do not completely satisfy the aesthetic targets for all types …