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Non-invasive assessment of muscle spasticity in children with cerebral palsy undergoing botulinum toxin treatment using near-infrared spectroscopy.
[BACKGROUND] Spasticity is a common and debilitating feature of cerebral palsy (CP), often treated with botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A). Standard assessments, such as the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), are subjective and prone to inter-rater var…