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Biostimulating fillers and induction of inflammatory pathways: A preclinical investigation of macrophage response to calcium hydroxylapatite and poly-L lactic acid.
[INTRODUCTION] Initial macrophage response to biostimulatory substances is key in determining the subsequent behavior of fibroblasts and the organization of newly synthesized collagen. Though histological studies suggest that calcium hydrox…
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Microtoxin for Improving Pore Size, Skin Laxity, Sebum Control, and Scars: A Roundtable on Integrating Intradermal Botulinum Toxin Type A Microdoses Into Clinical Practice.
[BACKGROUND] In aesthetic clinical practice, botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is best known for its use as a neuromodulator for the treatment of dynamic facial lines; however, when injected intradermally as microdroplets, BoNT-A can improve …
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Pan-Asian Consensus on Calcium Hydroxyapatite for Skin Biostimulation, Contouring, and Combination Treatments.
[BACKGROUND] Several usage guidelines for calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA), a dermal filler material, exist for non-Asian patients, making it necessary to determine whether their findings and consensuses are applicable to Asian patients who h…
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Clinical Validation of Superficial Lip Injections Utilizing Cohesive Polydensified Matrix Hyaluronic Acid-Based Soft Tissue Fillers.
[BACKGROUND] A combination of optimal injection technique and dermal filler choice is key for improving lip architecture with natural and long-lasting results. [OBJECTIVE] To investigate the positioning of Cohesive Polydensified Matrix&tra…
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Delayed Inflammatory Reactions to Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: A Literature Review and Proposed Treatment Algorithm.
[BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES] There is a wide diversity of opinions regarding the management of delayed inflammatory reactions (DIRs) secondary to hyaluronic acid (HA)-based fillers. The plethora of approaches has led the authors to conduct a…
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Managing intravascular complications following treatment with calcium hydroxylapatite: An expert consensus.
[BACKGROUND] Inadvertent intra-arterial injection of dermal fillers including calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) can result in serious adverse events including soft tissue necrosis, permanent scarring, visual impairment, and blindness. When int…
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Consensus Recommendations for Combined Aesthetic Interventions in the Face Using Botulinum Toxin, Fillers, and Energy-Based Devices.
[BACKGROUND] The aging process is a complex interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic factors across multiple layers of the face. Accordingly, combining aesthetic interventions targeting different manifestations of aging often leads to better re…
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Consensus Recommendations for Combined Aesthetic Interventions Using Botulinum Toxin, Fillers, and Microfocused Ultrasound in the Neck, Décolletage, Hands, and Other Areas of the Body.
[BACKGROUND] The popularity of aesthetic procedures in the face has led to greater disparity between treated areas and those that still show evidence of true age. Although many areas of the body often require multiple treatment procedures f…