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Messenger RNA profiling of rabbit quadriceps femoris after repeat injections of botulinum toxin: Evidence for a dynamic pattern without further structural alterations.
[INTRODUCTION] Onabotulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is widely used clinically, but it may cause adverse effects. Earlier studies showed repeat BoNT-A injections did not cause progressive atrophy or function loss. The purpose of this study was…
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Joint instability leads to long-term alterations to knee synovium and osteoarthritis in a rabbit model.
[OBJECTIVES] Joint instability is believed to promote early osteoarthritic changes in the knee. Inflammatory reactions are associated with cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA) but their possible synergistic or additive effects remai…