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Intramuscular Botulinum toxin A injections induce central changes to axon initial segments and cholinergic boutons on spinal motoneurones in rats.
Intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin block pre-synaptic cholinergic release at neuromuscular junctions producing a temporary paralysis of affected motor units. There is increasing evidence, however, that the effects are not restricte…
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Muscle disuse caused by botulinum toxin injection leads to increased central gain of the stretch reflex in the rat.
Botulinum toxin (Btx) is used in children with cerebral palsy and in other neurological patients to diminish spasticity and reduce the risk of development of contractures. We investigated changes in the central gain of the stretch reflex ci…