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Litigation in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (1982-2022): Verdicts and Indemnity Across Five Procedures.
[BACKGROUND] Malpractice litigation remains a source of professional and financial risk in aesthetic surgery. Prior Westlaw/LexisNexis studies typically focus on single procedures. We assessed aesthetic surgery malpractice across five commo…
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A Cross-Sectional Analysis of American Insurance Coverage of Upper and Lower Lid Blepharoplasty.
[OBJECTIVE] Dermatochalasis is a common condition that can cause obstruction of peripheral visual fields and impairment of daily activities. These effects can be addressed with a blepharoplasty, which may be considered a cosmetic procedure …
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Gender and Racial Representation of Invited Speakers From The Aesthetic Society Annual Meetings Over a 5-Year Period.
[BACKGROUND] Increased representation from both women and non-White ethnicities remains a topic of discussion in plastic surgery. Speakers at academic conferences are a form of visual representation of diversity within the field. This study…
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A critical analysis of American insurance coverage for imaging and surgical treatment of lymphedema.
[BACKGROUND] Over 35 million Americans have lymphedema. Nonetheless, lymphedema is underdiagnosed and undertreated worldwide. We investigated whether the rates of coverage for imaging and surgical procedures may contribute to the limited ca…
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Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL): Are You Covered?
[BACKGROUND] Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a locally aggressive T-cell lymphoma that can develop following breast implantation. In 2017, and updated in 2019, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network…
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Gender-Affirming Health Insurance Reform in the United States.
[INTRODUCTION] In May 2014, the US Department of Health and Human Services prohibited insurance discrimination of transgender individuals. Despite this, insurance plans often lack explicit guidelines on gender transition-related care and co…
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A Cross-Sectional Analysis of American Insurance Coverage of Prominauris Otoplasty.
[BACKGROUND] Prominent ears affect up to 5% of the population and can lead to social and psychological concerns at a critical time of social development. It can be addressed with an otoplasty, which is often considered a cosmetic procedure.…
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Panniculectomy at the time of bariatric surgery: a propensity score-matched analysis of outcomes in the MBSAQIP database.
[BACKGROUND] Body contouring in the postbariatric surgery patient improves quality of life and daily function. [OBJECTIVES] To determine the risk profile of panniculectomy when performed in select patients at the time of bariatric surgery.…
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Academic Productivity Among Plastic Surgery Subspecialty Fellowship Applicants.
[INTRODUCTION] Plastic surgery subspecialty fellowships are highly competitive. Academic productivity is an objective metric that can be used to compare candidates. This study aims to evaluate intersubspecialty differences in academic profi…
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Review of Insurance Coverage for Abdominal Contouring Procedures in the Postbariatric Population.
[BACKGROUND] Following bariatric surgery, patients develop problems related to lax abdominal skin that may be addressed by contouring procedures. Third-party insurers have subjective requirements for coverage of these procedures that can li…
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A Cross-sectional Analysis of Insurance Coverage of Extremity Contouring After Massive Weight Loss.
[INTRODUCTION] After bariatric surgery, patients often experience redundant skin in the upper arms and medial thighs as sequelae of massive weight loss. Insurance companies have unpredictable criteria to determine the medical necessity of b…
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Sex Disparity in Academic Rank and Industry Payments to Plastic Surgeons.
[INTRODUCTION] Despite increasing representation in surgery, women continue to lag behind men in important metrics. Little is known on how industry funding may also contribute to this ongoing disparity. This article seeks to quantify indust…
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Integrated Plastic Surgery Match: Trends in Research Productivity of Successful Candidates.
[BACKGROUND] Plastic surgery continues to be one of the most competitive specialties in the residency match. Research productivity is a key component of the selection process. Nevertheless, potential applicants have a poor understanding of …
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The Glass Ceiling in Plastic Surgery: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of the Gender Gap in Career Advancement.
[BACKGROUND] Gender parity remains elusive in academic plastic surgery. It is unknown whether this disparity is attributable to differences in qualifications or to the glass ceiling of gender bias. To parse this, the authors compared academ…
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Follow the money: Investigating gender disparity in industry payments among senior academics and leaders in plastic surgery.
[INTRODUCTION] Differences in academic qualifications are cited as the reason behind the documented gender gap in industry sponsorship to academic plastic surgeons. Gendered imbalances in academic metrics narrow among senior academic plasti…
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A 12-year review of patient-reported outcomes after reduction mammoplasty in patients with high body mass index.
Patients with increased body mass index (BMI) are often denied reduction mammoplasty due to concern for high morbidity. There is a paucity of evidence identifying high BMI as a predictor of poor long-term outcomes in reduction mammoplasty. …
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Longevity of Outcomes Following Reduction Mammoplasty.
Reduction mammoplasty has been shown to provide wide-ranging benefits for patients including improved quality of life in terms of physical function and mental health. However, most existing studies have been limited to the 1-year postoperat…
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A Review of National Insurance Coverage of Post-bariatric Upper Body Lift.
[INTRODUCTION] Recent years have seen an increased utilisation of upper body lift following massive weight loss. Although it is typically considered cosmetic, the recurrent skin conditions and decline in quality of life may warrant medical …
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Health Insurance Coverage of Gender-Affirming Top Surgery in the United States.
[BACKGROUND] Despite the medical necessity, legislative mandates, and economic benefits of gender-affirming surgery, access to treatment remains limited. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) has proposed guideli…
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Surgical Management of Gynecomastia: A Review of the Current Insurance Coverage Criteria.
[BACKGROUND] Gynecomastia is a common condition that can be corrected with surgical excision of the breast tissue. Unlike the policies available for reduction mammaplasty in women, gynecomastia policies are variable and not based on strong …
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Secondary rhytidectomy: comprehensive review and current concepts.
[BACKGROUND] Secondary rhytidectomy procedures present an additional level of complexity in comparison with primary procedures. Patients may seek secondary rhytidectomy, in part, as a result of complications stemming from the initial proced…