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Need for botulinum toxin injection and bladder augmentation after isolated bladder outlet procedure in pediatric patients with myelomeningocele.
[INTRODUCTION] In patients with neurogenic bladder outlet incompetence, a bladder outlet procedure (BOP) may be required to achieve urinary continence. However, when performed in isolation, a BOP can be associated with bladder deterioration…
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Vaginal reconstruction: critical technical principles.
Childhood vaginal anomalies are frequently encountered, often in association with significant anorectal or urinary tract abnormalities. As a result, reconstruction poses a number of technical challenges. We maintain that the best results ar…
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Use of the appendix for urethral reconstruction in children with congenital anomalies of the bladder.
[BACKGROUND] The presence of the cecal appendix offers a unique opportunity for the achievement of urinary continence and stable access to the reconstructed urinary bladder. [METHODS] We have reviewed the cases of 17 children treated over …