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Exploring the Biomarkers and Potential Mechanisms of Botulinum Toxin Type A in the Treatment of Microglial Inflammatory Activation through P2X7 Receptors based on Transcriptome Sequencing.
[AIMS] This study aims to explore the potential mechanism by which Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/ A) inhibits microglial inflammatory activation through P2X7 receptors (P2X7R). [BACKGROUND] BoNT/A is a promising analgesic drug, and previous…
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Intrathecal administration of botulinum toxin type a antagonizes neuropathic pain by countering increased vesicular nucleotide transporter expression in the spinal cord of chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve rats.
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) induces direct analgesic effects in neuropathic pain by inhibiting the release of substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and glutamate. Vesicular nucleotide transporter (VNUT) was responsible for…
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Neurotoxins Acting at Synaptic Sites: A Brief Review on Mechanisms and Clinical Applications.
Neurotoxins generally inhibit or promote the release of neurotransmitters or bind to receptors that are located in the pre- or post-synaptic membranes, thereby affecting physiological functions of synapses and affecting biological processes…
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A Novel Thunderbolt Z-Epicanthoplasty for Asians.
[BACKGROUND] Although many epicanthoplasty techniques have been proposed, prominent hypertrophic scarring in the medial canthal region remains a problem. The aim of this study was to develop a novel design that has a less prominent scar wit…
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Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided Robotic Ophthalmic Microsurgery via Reinforcement Learning from Demonstration.
Ophthalmic microsurgery is technically difficult because the scale of required surgical tool manipulations challenge the limits of the surgeon's visual acuity, sensory perception, and physical dexterity. Intraoperative optical coherence tom…