상안검거근 Levator Muscle

A case of primary congenital upper eyelid entropion ( PCUEE ) is reviewed. The author proposes a congenital shortness of the levator muscle with anomalous insertion onto the tarsal plate as the etiology, and a new simplified surgical correc…

Levator aponeurosis surgery was used to treat 113 upper eyelids with acquired ptosis. Ninety-five percent of the eyelids were corrected to within 1 mm of the desired result. The range of eyelift lift was 1 to 5.5 mm. Follow-up period for th…

Supra-tarsal depression after enucleation is a frequent occurrence, and many surgical methods have been applied to correct this anomaly, which results from the relative smallness of the implant, and its downward migration. As subperiosteal …

Involutional or senile ptosis commonly occurs simultaneously with dermatochalasis. Levator aponeurosis dehiscence or disinsertion is the most common etiology of acquired involutional ptosis in our practice. The presence of ptosis should be …

Excision of Müller's muscle can usually correct thyroid-related upper eyelid retraction. A transcutaneous approach to Müller's muscle was used in 22 eyelids. The findings at surgery included diffuse eyelid scarring, disinsertion of the leva…

The results of excision of Müller's muscle with or without recession of the levator palpebrae superioris aponeurosis were examined in 61 upper eyelids of 40 patients. The cosmetic results were acceptable in 35 patients (56 upper eyelids). A…

Two cases of lower eyelid retraction caused by loss of full-thickness eyelid components were successfully treated with a tarsal-confunctival flap and skin graft procedure. One patient also had upper eyelid retraction, which was decreased by…

The technique for upper lid blepharoplasty is presented, which emphasizes the creation of a concave, high supratarsal fold by removal of existing preaponeurotic fat pads, excision of a strip of preseptal orbicularis fibers, and portion of t…

A simplified method for ptosis surgery has been used in 33 patients. The levator aponeurosis is exposed by the anterior approach. It is folded or excised and reattached to the anterior surface of the tarsus, matching the level and the conto…

Radiographic and electron microscopic evidence showed that the upper eyelid skin crease is formed by the insertion of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle into the septa between the orbicularis muscle into the septa between the orbicular…

We reviewed, retrospectively, our upper lid blepharoplasties to critically compare our own postoperative results after (1) conventional blepharoplasty, or (2) fixation of the levator aponeurosis to the lower margin of the orbicularis, or (3…

Pseudoptosis, caused by skin laxity or by herniation of periorbital fat, can be remedied by the usual cosmetic blepharoplasty. If there is a concomitant mild senile ptosis due to levator weakness, however, we recommend levator muscle plicat…

The primary objective of this paper is to suggest various precautionary measures in order to decrease the occurrence of possible complications associated with the orbital bead implant operation for anophthalmic "enophthalmos". It is importa…

In many oriental upper lids the levator aponeurosis does not insert into the skin as it does in the occidental lid. The upper lid fold is therefore absent in these oriental eyes. In addition, epicanthus tarsalis is common in the oriental, a…

In five cases, a simplified anterior tarsal resection corrected complicated upper eyelid blepharoptosis and contour abnormalities. One case of residual blepharoptosis after levator muscle resection was corrected by resecting an amount of ta…

Fixation of the orbicularis muscle to the levator muscle in an upper blepharoplasty can create a higher supratarsal fold in selected caucasians. The technique that I introduced two years ago has been refined to eliminate one of the major pr…

For good cosmesis the upper eyelid creases and folds must be symmetric. The lid creases must be the same height above the upper lid margins. The skin below the crease must be smooth and firmly attached to the tarsus, or, in cases with a sho…

In midfacial fractures the crucial area is the upper portion of the midfacial skeleton which lodges the orbits, the interorbital space with its anatomic relationship with the anterior cranial fossa, the lacrimal apparatus, the levator muscl…