괴사 Necrosis

Nonsurgical rhinoplasty has emerged as a preferred nasal aesthetic treatment due to its safety, predictability, and high patient satisfaction. It utilizes dermal fillers, primarily hyaluronic acid (HA), to enhance nasal profiles and correct…

Achieving optimal contour and projection of the nasal tip is one of the most challenging aspects of rhinoplasty. The skin-soft tissue envelope (STE) plays a pivotal role in determining the final outcome, as its thickness and elasticity sign…

Nonsurgical rhinoplasty with hyaluronic acid (HA) is minimally invasive but may result in severe vascular complications such as ischemia and necrosis. This case report describes a 30-year-old female patient who developed ischemia and early …

[BACKGROUND] The illegal practice of medicine in aesthetic procedures poses significant public health risks because of complications from unqualified individuals. Invasive treatments such as botulinum toxin and fillers are frequently perfor…

[BACKGROUND] Reduction mammoplasty is an established treatment for symptomatic macromastia. Understanding risk factors associated with complications is essential for counseling and patient selection. The modified frailty index (mFI-5) has b…

Lower limb reconstruction, particularly in the distal third, is challenging due to limited local flap options, poor skin laxity, and the direct exposure of critical structures such as bone and tendons due to the thin skin in the region. For…

Nasal fractures are the most common facial fractures, with a higher incidence in males. They typically result from trauma related to sports, accidents, or physical violence, often involving alcohol. Accurate assessment requires knowledge of…

[BACKGROUND] Therapeutic mammoplasty is a well-established option for breast cancer treatment when indicated by oncological evaluation. At sternal notch-to-nipple (SN-N) distances above 35cm, the inferior pedicle (IFP) technique is often co…

[BACKGROUND] This study evaluates a modified breast reduction technique, the mobile inferior pedicle (MIP), designed to overcome the drawbacks of the traditional inferior pedicle (IP) method, such as bottoming out, poor projection, and areo…

[BACKGROUND] Post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) improves oncological outcomes of high-risk patients with breast cancer. However, its impact on breast reconstruction remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of PMRT in b…

[BACKGROUND] Skin-reducing mastectomy (SRM) allows implant-based immediate breast reconstruction in women with large, ptotic breasts. This study aimed to evaluate the surgical and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) following SRM. [METHODS] A …

Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) with implants has become an integral part of comprehensive care for patients undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer. This review summarizes current evidence on indications, contraindications, surgical …

Deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is a common autologous breast reconstruction option. DIEP flap may be performed immediately on the day of mastectomy (immediate DIEP) or at a later date typically following placement of a tiss…

[BACKGROUND] Over the years, numerous techniques have been used to address genital gender-affirming surgery (GGAS) in transgender men. Among the proposed surgical options to address TPC in transgender men, suprapubic pedicled phalloplasty (…

[OBJECTIVE] This study investigates the effectiveness of pre-expanded supraclavicular artery perforator (SAP) and combined with anterior SAP (a-SAP) flap for treating second- and third-degree burn-induced neck scar contractures. [METHODS] …

[INTRODUCTION] Skin-sparing mastectomies often require reshaping of the skin envelope, particularly in patients with ptotic breasts. However, this reshaping can result in skin necrosis. A vertical skin resection technique, combined with imm…

[BACKGROUND] The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is a favored option for autologous breast reconstruction. However, complications related to insufficient perfusion, such as flap loss and fat necrosis, remain significant conc…

[BACKGROUND] Dorsal hand defects, often caused by trauma or tumor excision, remain a surgical challenge owing to the complex anatomy and functional demands of the hand. Various methods such as skin grafts, local flaps, and free tissue trans…

[BACKGROUND] Phalloplasty plays an important role in female-to-male (FTM) gender affirmation surgery to create a neophallus that prioritizes aesthetic and functional outcomes. Patients have a variety of flap choices for phalloplasty, but th…

Vascular malformations often become symptomatic during childhood and require multidisciplinary intervention. However, reports of resection followed by free flap reconstruction in pediatric patients remain rare. We report two toddler cases o…