Team approach to tibial fracture. 37 consecutive type III cases reviewed after 2-10 years.

During a 10-year period, we managed 35 patients with 37 cases of Type III open tibial fractures, 15 cases within 1 week and 22 as late referrals. In all cases, simultaneous assessment and management by a microvascular and an orthopedic surgeon were mandatory throughout the treatment period. 6 of the 15 acute cases had a primary amputation. Of the remaining 31 cases, limb salvage was possible in 27. 31 flaps, pedicle and microvascular free flaps were used. Major complications occurred in 6 cases, but in 27 cases infection-free solid union was obtained. At long-term follow-up, average 5 years, the function was good or acceptable in 23 cases. We conclude that: (1) patients with Type III tibial injuries should preferably be transferred within a week after injury to a hospital where major reconstructive procedures are commonly performed, (2) early soft tissue coverage is essential in the management of these injuries, (3) unilateral external fixation should be the preferred technique of stabilization, and, finally, (4) plastic surgery expertise is important in management of severe tibial fractures.