Periocular necrotizing fasciitis following surgical site infection in aesthetic rhinoplasty: a report of two cases.

[PURPOSE] To report a rare presentation of periocular necrotizing fasciitis (NF) following a surgical site infection after aesthetic rhinoplasty.

[CASE PRESENTATION] We present two otherwise healthy patients who developed periocular swelling, erythema, and pain extending to the temporal region and nasal bridge, accompanied by areas of periocular necrosis. Neither patient had a history of trauma. One patient underwent an uneventful aesthetic rhinoplasty more than one month earlier, followed by a recent postoperative nasal hump shaving performed in an outpatient setting at the surgeon's office. The second patient had a similar history of uneventful aesthetic rhinoplasty two weeks earlier. The laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis (LRINEC) scores were 6 and 7, suggesting a high likelihood of the disease. Orbital computed tomography (CT) revealed severe preseptal soft tissue swelling extending to adjacent areas with no evidence of intraorbital involvement. A clinical diagnosis of periocular NF was established, and both patients were treated with intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics, followed by prompt surgical debridement of necrotic tissue. Bacterial cultures revealed growth of Streptococcus viridans and Staphylococcus species. Both patients achieved complete recovery without recurrence or significant complications.

[CONCLUSIONS] Although periocular NF is rare, a high index of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis, particularly in patients with a recent history of facial surgery or trauma. Prompt recognition and management can prevent catastrophic outcomes, including orbital involvement and vision-threatening complications.