Video Standards for Rhinoplasty Education: A Review and Recommended Guidelines.

Intraoperative videography is widely used to record rhinoplasty procedures, yet little is known about the optimal surgical vantage points at critical procedural steps. To assess commonly used camera angles in public and proprietary intraoperative rhinoplasty videos and discuss approaches to obtaining these viewing angles. Public and propriety rhinoplasty videos were reviewed and categorized based on procedure type, specific area(s) of focus, and camera angles utilized at a series of critical operative steps. The most commonly used camera angles were recorded and assessed based on surgical field visualization and the authors' personal recording experiences. Of the 114 videos that met inclusion criteria, 49 were full-length open rhinoplasty procedures, 20 full-length endonasal rhinoplasty procedures, 17 tip techniques, 8 opening techniques, 7 fashioning grafts, 7 osteotomies, and 6 cartilage harvests. With respective to footage acquisition, the upward camera angle was most frequently used for recording, and endoscopic view was least frequently used. These findings demonstrate that there is extensive variability in camera angles between surgical films. Moreover, many of these camera angles are insufficient due to obstruction by surgical staff, inability to visualize deep structures, and difficulty capturing the three-dimensional nasal framework. A guide indicating the best viewing angles for different aspects of the procedure would be useful to optimize educational videos.