How to perform subperichondrial and subperiosteal rhinoplasty.

Rhinoplasty, via either an open or a closed approach, is classically performed in the supraperichondrial plane, i.e. underneath the SMAS. Total subperichondrial and subperiosteal approaches, providing large exposure of all of the osteocartilaginous framework of the nose, have been described in recent years. This deeper dissection requires adaptation of surgical instruments to perform both subperichondrial and subperiosteal dissection, but also to perform osteotomies. New tools, such as the Rhinosculpture or piezoelectric motor are particularly useful in this context. Acquisition of this dissection technique, although it requires a long learning curve, is largely rewarded by the advantages of this technique in primary and secondary rhinoplasty. The objective of this technical note is to provide a detailed description of the operative technique and the instrumentation required.