3D Analysis of Breast Morphological Changes after Vertical-Scar Reduction Mammoplasty: A Prospective Study.

[BACKGROUND] In addition to symptom relief, the crucial objective of reduction mammoplasty is to achieve a stable and esthetically pleasing postoperative breast shape. However, the morphological changes in breasts following reduction mammoplasty have not been comprehensively understood. In this study, we applied three-dimensional (3D) scanning technology for long-term follow-up monitoring of breast morphological changes to discern their changing trends. Our goal was to provide a reliable basis for assessing postoperative effects and determining follow-up time points.

[METHODS] This prospective study included patients undergoing vertical-scar reduction mammoplasty. We utilized a combination of linear measurements and 3D scanning to measure various parameters, including breast volume, breast volume distribution, nipple position, and scar length at various time points: pre-surgery, immediately post-surgery, 3-month postoperative, 6-month postoperative, and 1-year postoperative.

[RESULTS] A total of 115 patients were enrolled in this study. Throughout the initial 3 months of postoperative follow-up, there was a gradual reduction in breast volume, which tended to stabilize from 3 to 12 months. The nipple position showed a gradual shift both laterally, inferiorly, and posteriorly. The volume of the lower and lateral part of the breast increased gradually. Notably, at 1 year after surgery, the scar length was approximately 6.3% shorter compared to the immediate postoperative measurement.

[CONCLUSIONS] Our 3D analysis unveiled comprehensive changes in breast morphology: The overall breast volume shifted laterally and inferiorly, the nipple position moved laterally, inferiorly, and posteriorly, and there was a significant reduction in scar length. Concurrently, breast volume exhibited a gradual decrease and stabilization after 3 months, establishing it as a suitable follow-up point for assessing postoperative results. Additionally, surgical plans can be formulated based on the overall trend of changes in breast volume and distribution, combined with methods such as three-dimensional scanning, to enhance surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction.

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