The political and social context of silicone breast implant use in the United States.
Abstract
Silicone breast implants have been used for breast enlargement and reconstruction after mastectomy since 1963. It is estimated that they have been implanted in over 2 million women in the U.S. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has required manufacturers of the implants to submit evidence of their safety and effectiveness. The implants have been shown to benefit women in psychological studies. Physical risks include capsular contracture (affecting up to half of wearers), impaired mammographic results, implant rupture, and possibly connective tissue disease. Human studies would benefit from improved research design, including controls and long-term follow-up. Professional societies of plastic surgeons, whose members benefit commercially from breast augmentation and reconstruction, have campaigned forcefully for the continued and increased use of breast implants by women.
추출된 의학 개체 (NER)
| 유형 | 영어 표현 | 한국어 / 풀이 | UMLS CUI | 출처 | 등장 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 해부 | breast
|
유방 | dict | 5 | |
| 시술 | breast augmentation
|
유방성형술 | dict | 1 | |
| 해부 | connective tissue
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | capsular contracture
|
피막구축 | dict | 1 | |
| 합병증 | implant rupture
|
보형물 파열 | dict | 1 | |
| 재료 | silicone breast implant
|
실리콘 보형물 | dict | 1 | |
| 질환 | Silicone breast
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 질환 | breast enlargement
|
C0020565
Hypertrophy of Breast
|
scispacy | 1 | |
| 질환 | rupture
|
C3203359
Rupture
|
scispacy | 1 | |
| 질환 | connective tissue disease
|
C0009782
Connective Tissue Diseases
|
scispacy | 1 | |
| 기타 | women
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 기타 | Human
|
scispacy | 1 |
MeSH Terms
Body Image; Breast; Female; Humans; Informed Consent; Legislation, Medical; Liability, Legal; Mammaplasty; Polyurethanes; Postoperative Complications; Prostheses and Implants; Silicones; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration
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