Identifying Different Immunoresistance Risk Profiles Among Experienced Aesthetic Botulinum Neurotoxin A Recipients: A Latent Class Analysis.

Journal of cosmetic dermatology 2025 Vol.24(2) p. e16686

Tseng FW, Vachiramon V, Gold MH, Pavicic T, Tay CM, Toh GW, Tan DMK, Park JY

Abstract

[BACKGROUND] Immunoresistance to botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) due to neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) can lead to partial or complete secondary nonresponse (SNR), potentially limiting individuals' aesthetic and/or medical therapeutic options in the short and/or long term. Understanding factors directly or indirectly influencing BoNT-A immunoresistance risk is crucial.

[AIMS] This analysis explored patterns of latent risk factors (biological and behavioral) that may influence the risk of developing BoNT-A immunoresistance among experienced aesthetic BoNT-A recipients.

[METHODS] Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to survey data from 363 experienced BoNT-A recipients from six Asia-Pacific countries to identify distinct subgroups based on their patterns of risk factor or risk proxy variables. The five risk proxy variables used for modeling capture information on BoNT-A treatments (treatment indications/locations as proxies for dose), symptoms of declining efficacy, number of aesthetic treatments over the past 3 years, and clinic and BoNT-A formulation switching behaviors. These represent established risk factors and treatment-seeking behaviors suggested to influence immunoresistance risk.

[RESULTS] LCA identified 3 distinct profiles of individuals, which we described based on the observed patterns of risk proxies as: "lower-risk" (55%), "moderate-risk" (39%), and "higher-risk" (6%). Individuals in the "higher-risk" profile reported higher BoNT-A exposure, more symptoms of declining efficacy, and distinct patterns of knowledge and attitudes toward BoNT-A immunoresistance that could account for their treatment-seeking behaviors.

[CONCLUSIONS] This study suggests that individual behaviors (the "human factor") have a notable influence on BoNT-A immunoresistance risk. Gaining deeper insights into these factors could support more targeted and effective interventions to mitigate risk.

추출된 의학 개체 (NER)

유형영어 표현한국어 / 풀이UMLS CUI출처등장
약물 LCA → Latent class analysis C4704739
Latent Class Analysis
scispacy 1
약물 [BACKGROUND] Immunoresistance scispacy 1
약물 BoNT-A → botulinum neurotoxin A scispacy 1
약물 [CONCLUSIONS] scispacy 1
질환 treatment-seeking behaviors scispacy 1
질환 individual behaviors scispacy 1
기타 Botulinum Neurotoxin A Recipients: A Latent Class scispacy 1
기타 botulinum neurotoxin A scispacy 1
기타 BoNT-A → botulinum neurotoxin A scispacy 1
기타 BoNT-A recipients scispacy 1
기타 human scispacy 1

MeSH Terms

Humans; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Female; Latent Class Analysis; Male; Adult; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Cosmetic Techniques; Young Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires