Joseph Pancoast (1805-1882) and His Innovations in Plastic Surgery.

Joseph Pancoast (1805-1882), a prominent figure in 19th-century surgery and medical education, introduced several innovative surgical techniques during his career While he made significant contributions to various areas of surgery, including plastic surgery and anatomy, his techniques were particularly notable for their precision and efficacy. Some of his surgical innovations are the facial grafting especially in rhinoplasty either by using a forehead graft or by using a graft from the cheeks. He introduced his own operation for Staphyloplasty by dissecting two flaps of mucous membrane having a triangular shape and contributed also in taliacotian operation, blepharoplasty, otoplasty, cheiloplastic operation in case of lip cancer, amputations at the hip-joint, ocular deformities and tongue cancer restoration. In ocular surgery he had produced a fine needle turned into a hook in order to be inserted behind the cornea to cut deeply the soft parts of the lens and withdraw any hardened nucleus.