Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma: Clinical and imaging findings at a large US cancer center.

[PURPOSE] Evaluate the clinical presentation and imaging findings of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA ALCL) at a large US cancer center.

[MATERIALS AND METHODS] HIPAA-compliant IRB approved retrospective study, for which informed consent was waived. The Hospital Information System was screened for women who underwent implant reconstruction and were diagnosed with BIA ALCL between 2010 and 2016. Two radiologists reviewed images in consensus. Clinical and imaging characteristics were summarized using means and ranges for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables.

[RESULTS] Patient cohort included 11 women with BIA ALCL (mean age at diagnosis = 54 years, range: 35-77), including women with (9/11) and without (2/11) history of breast cancer. Mean time from breast implant placement to diagnosis was 10 years (range: 6-14). BIA ALCL was identified in patients with saline (4/11) and silicone (5/11) implants. Implants were textured in 7/11 (63%) and unknown in 4/11 (36%) cases. All patients presented with a peri-implant seroma, (9/11 documented on imaging). Two of 11 patients had a mass within this seroma. Ten of 11 patients (91%) presented with symptoms.

[CONCLUSIONS] Saline and silicone breast implants may predispose patients to a rare lymphoma subtype, BIA ALCL, which presents on imaging as a peri-implant fluid collection ± mass.