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[BACKGROUND] Nasal valve collapse is relatively common with a lifetime prevalence of up to 13%. Etiologies include prior rhinoplasty, other surgical procedures, facial paralysis, congenital defects, trauma, and aging. Internal nasal valve c…

[PURPOSE] There are multiple conditions that may affect the development of the middle third of the face and with varying degrees of severity. The surgical treatment alternatives for major midfacial sagittal deficiencies consist in Le Fort I…

: This paper compares two popular techniques for tear trough correction-fat repositioning and hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers-highlighting their efficacy, safety profiles, patient satisfaction, and associated complications. : A narrative revie…

[GOAL] To describe a fixation technique of the medial and central fat pads in the subperiosteal pocket for transconjunctival fat transposition, using a single subdermal, non-removable, non-absorbable stitch. [MATERIALS AND METHODS] Retrosp…

[PURPOSE] To evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin-A (BoNTA) injection for treating functional epiphora after lacrimal surgery. [MATERIALS AND METHODS] Patients with persistent epiphora following anatomically successful 3-snip punctopla…

[PURPOSE] To analyze the outcomes of botulinum toxin A injection in acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE). [METHODS] This is a retrospective study that included cases diagnosed as AACE between January 2022 and February 2023. Patients wh…

[INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE] Botulinum toxin (BT) is used in a variety of therapeutic applications, including the treatment of strabismus. Two injection techniques coexist - transconjunctival injection and open sky injection. The goal of th…

[PURPOSE] To describe the evolution of a surgical technique for the correction of large-angle incomitant exodeviations. [METHODS] Retrospective review of an interventional case series from 2005 to 2019 in a single centre, with analysis of …

[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin (BTX) is useful for inducing temporary ptosis in patients with ocular surface disease. However, transcutaneous BTX often causes inadvertent superior rectus (SR) paresis. Furthermore, Muller's muscle is unaffecte…

[PURPOSE] To determine the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin injection into the lacrimal gland as a symptomatic treatment of crocodile tear syndrome (CTS). [METHODS] Our study included six patients of unilateral gustatory hyper lacrim…

[PURPOSE] To investigate the histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the lacrimal glands (LGs) of rabbits following either botulinum toxin (BTX) injection or simple glandular needling. [METHODS] Twenty-four LGs of 24 eyes of 12 he…

[PURPOSE] To review the published literature on botulinum toxin (BTX) for epiphora secondary to refractory lacrimal drainage disorders. [METHODS] The authors performed a Pub Med search of all articles published in English on BTX injection …

[OBJECTIVE] To assess the agreement between intraoperative measurements of the limbus-insertion distance of the extraocular muscles with those measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. [METHODS] An analysis was made of a to…

The standard of care to treat small- and medium-sized macular holes (400 µm diameter), chronic and persistent macular holes remain a surgical challenge since closure rates and functional results decrease with larger macular hole diameters. …