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Alternative Clinical Indications of Botulinum Toxin.
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) is a powerful neurotoxin that inhibits acetylcholine release from presynaptic vesicles. The potency and safety profile of BoNTA grant the toxin vast therapeutic potential. It has been used off-label for a vari…
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A randomized trial to determine the influence of laser therapy, monopolar radiofrequency treatment, and intense pulsed light therapy administered immediately after hyaluronic acid gel implantation.
[BACKGROUND] Hyaluronic acid-based dermal fillers, such as hyaluronic acid gel (Restylane, Q-Medical AB, Uppsala, Sweden), are widely used for tissue augmentation of the nasolabial folds. Additional dermatologic treatments using infrared li…
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Combination surgical lifting with ablative laser skin resurfacing of facial skin: a retrospective analysis.
[BACKGROUND] Cutaneous aging is manifested by rhytides, dyschromias, and skin laxity. Ablative laser skin resurfacing can effectively improve many signs of skin aging; however, the photoaged patient with facial laxity often requires a surgi…
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Clinical and histologic evaluation of six erbium:YAG lasers for cutaneous resurfacing.
[BACKGROUND] Several erbium:YAG lasers are currently available for cutaneous laser resurfacing. Although different laser systems are purported to produce equivalent laser energies to produce similar laser-tissue interactions, no comparative…
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Cutaneous CO2 laser resurfacing infection rate with and without prophylactic antibiotics.
[BACKGROUND] Cutaneous laser resurfacing is a well-accepted modality, with excellent clinical outcomes and low morbidity rates, for the treatment of a variety of epidermal and dermal lesions. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis continues to b…
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Autologous human collagen and dermal fibroblasts for soft tissue augmentation.
[BACKGROUND] Augmentation of soft tissue defects can be achieved through intradermal injection of silicone, animal collagen, plasma-gelatin mixture, and fat. Due to their rapid degradation in vivo, however, clinical effects are typically tr…
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Treatment of scars: a review.
Hypertrophic scars and keloids occur as the result of an exaggerated wound healing response of the skin following injury. In addition to presenting a cosmetic concern, hypertrophic scars and keloids may be painful or pruritic and may restri…
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Cosmetic laser surgery.
The fact that multiple wavelengths of light (and, therefore, different lasers) are needed to treat multicolored tattoos and several laser sessions are required for tattoo eradication in most instances, elimination of tattoos remains an expe…
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Histology of high-energy pulsed CO2 laser resurfacing.
Cutaneous laser resurfacing is already proving to be a highly effective tool for improving photodamaged or scarred skin. The clinical and histological effects of the new high-energy, pulsed carbon dioxide (CO2) systems compare favorably wit…