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Efficacy and safety of long-term botulinum toxin treatment for acquired cervical dystonia: a 25-year follow-up.
Botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) is the first-line treatment for idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD) and is widely used in the clinical setting. To date, scanty data are available on the effectiveness of BoNT in treating acquired cervical dystonia…
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Long-Term Spasticity Management in Post-Stroke Patients: Issues and Possible Actions-A Systematic Review with an Italian Expert Opinion.
Spasticity is a well-known motor dysfunction occurring after a stroke. A group of Italian physicians' experts in treating post-stroke spasticity (PSS) reviewed the current scientific evidence concerning the state-of-the-art clinical managem…
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The Minor's test in Frey syndrome treated with botulinum toxin: Methodology and efficacy.
In this paper, we aimed at methodologically presenting a video-case of Frey Syndrome occurred after parotidectomy, assessed by means of Minor's Test and treated with intradermic botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection. Although largely describ…
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Botulinum toxin injection for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: uni- and multivariate analysis of the factors that promote healing.
[PURPOSE] Anal fissure is caused by a pathological contraction of the internal anal sphincter. Lateral internal sphincterotomy remains the gold standard for the treatment of fissure. Botulinum toxin injections have been proposed to treat th…
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OnabotulinumtoxinA for adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD): Functional results and the role of dosage.
[OBJECTIVE] To report the results of functional outcome, dose trend and relationship between onabotulinumtoxinA (onabotA) dosage and the severity of disease or time between therapy sessions in patients affected by adductor spasmodic dysphon…
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Long-Term Abobotulinumtoxin A Treatment of Cervical Dystonia.
Botulinum toxin is considered as first-line therapy for cervical dystonia, but few papers have addressed these issues in the long term. Aim of this study was to investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of abobotulinumtoxin A (A/Abo) in…
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Clinical differences between botulinum neurotoxin type A and B.
In humans, the therapeutic use of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is well recognized and continuously expanding. Four BoNTs are widely available for clinical practice: three are serotype A and one is serotype B: onabotulinumtoxinA (A/Ona), …
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Botulinum Toxin A and B in sialorrhea: Long-term data and literature overview.
[INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES] In recent years, Botulinum Toxin has been shown to be efficacious and safe in the treatment of sialorrhea, but scanty data are available on its long term use. The aim of this study was to investigate adverse ev…