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Botulinum Toxin and Social Perception: Effects of Upper-Face Treatment on Facial Emotion Attribution.
[BACKGROUND] Upper-face botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatments are capable of reducing muscular activity in the glabella, forehead, and lateral canthal region, which play pivotal roles for core emotional expressions. Although concerns a…
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A Psychological Guide to Upper Face Botulinum Toxin Injections: Baseline Emotional Functions of Facial Expressions.
[BACKGROUND] The upper face is central to human nonverbal communication, with the glabellar complex, forehead, and lateral canthal area signaling core emotions such as anger, sadness, fear, surprise, and joy. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A)…
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Real-World Outcomes of a Novel Botulinum Toxin A for Upper Face Aesthetics: Insights From Routine Clinical Practice.
[BACKGROUND] Aging signs of the upper face result from complex interactions among facial muscles and include forehead lines, glabellar lines, and crow's feet. Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) injections are widely utilized to address th…
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Effect of Surgical versus Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty on Perception of the Patient: An Eye-Tracking-Based Investigation.
Because of its central location in the face, the nose plays an important role in the aesthetic perception of the face. To improve the appearance of the nose, surgical and nonsurgical rhinoplasty techniques have been described, although it s…