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A proof-of-concept study on the effectiveness of botulinum toxin on spasticity plus syndrome in multiple sclerosis.
[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin (BoNT) might improve spasticity-plus syndrome (SPS) in multiple sclerosis (MS) through peripheral inhibition of muscle contraction and central modulation of pain pathways, as hypothesized for migraine headaches.…
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Persistence with Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Spasticity Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis.
Botulinum toxin (BT) is an effective treatment for spasticity symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite its wide use in clinical practices, only few studies have explored long-term persistence. We aim to evaluate the rate of discontinuat…
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Botulinum toxin for the management of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: the Italian botulinum toxin network study.
[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin (BT) is an effective and safe treatment for spasticity, with limited evidence in multiple sclerosis (MS). We aim to describe the use of BT for the management of MS spasticity in the clinical practice, its combin…
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The effects of mechanical focal vibration on walking impairment in multiple sclerosis patients: A randomized, double-blinded vs placebo study.
[BACKGROUND] Multiple Sclerosis is a heterogeneous disorders involving in early stage gait and balance. Together with immunomodulating therapies, rehabilitation had a crucial role in improving motor tasks and quality of life. Between the em…