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Upper Limb Casting Application Post-Botulinum Toxin Injection for Elbow Spasticity: A Guided Casting Protocol.
Casting is an effective adjunctive treatment, which increases the effects of botulinum toxin on patients with spasticity. The evidence for casting as an adjunctive therapy post-botulinum toxin has been well documented in the literature. How…
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Does casting after botulinum toxin injection improve outcomes in adults with limb spasticity? A systematic review.
[OBJECTIVE] To determine current evidence for casting as an adjunct therapy following botulinum toxin injection for adult limb spasticity. [DESIGN] The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials we…
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Effect of treating elbow flexor spasticity with botulinum toxin injection and adjunctive casting on hemiparetic gait parameters: A prospective case series.
[OBJECTIVE] To investigate changes in hemiparetic gait parameters after treatment of elbow flexor spasticity with botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection and adjunctive casting. [DESIGN] Prospective case series. [SUBJECTS] Ten participants …
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Reliability and Validity of the Modified Heckmatt Scale in Evaluating Muscle Changes With Ultrasound in Spasticity.
[OBJECTIVES] To determine the reliability and validity of the Modified Heckmatt scale in assessing muscle echotexture in spasticity. [DESIGN] Prospective, observational, 2-center study. Two residents and 2 ultrasound experienced staff phys…