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Claw Toe: Anatomic Guide for Injection of Botulinum Toxin into Foot Muscles.
[BACKGROUND] Poor response to injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) into the flexor digitorum longus (FDL) muscle has been reported especially in patients with claw foot deformity. We previously advocated BoNT injection into the flexor halluc…
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Effects of Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle Anatomical Structure on the Response to Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Patients with Post-Stroke Claw Foot Deformity.
(1) Background: The purpose of this retrospective case-control study was to determine the relationship between the control of toe movements by flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) muscles and the response to treatm…
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Perpendicular Strut Injection of Hyaluronic Acid Filler for Deep Wrinkles.
Although various injection techniques of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler for facial rejuvenation have been developed, correction of deep wrinkles/grooves, such as the nasolabial fold (NLF), with intradermal or subdermal injections remains diffi…
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Enrichment isolation of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells from the liquid portion of liposuction aspirates with the use of an adherent column.
[BACKGROUND AIMS] Adipose-derived stem/progenitor cells (ASCs) are typically obtained from the lipoaspirates; however, a smaller number of ASCs can be isolated without enzymatic digestion from the infranatant liposuction aspirate fluid (LAF…
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Chronic inflammation and progressive calcification as a result of fat necrosis: the worst outcome in fat grafting.
[BACKGROUND] Autologous fat injection into the breast has been performed widely for breast augmentation and reconstruction because of recent technical and scientific advancements. However, it is important to learn what occurs and how proble…