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Treatment outcome of local injection of botulinum toxin for claw toe: Differences between cerebral hemorrhage and infarction.
[BACKGROUND] Some patients with post-stroke claw toe respond well to botulinum toxin (BoNT) treatment while others do not. This study was designed to assess the impact of stroke type (cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction) on the outc…
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Claw Toe: Anatomic Guide for Injection of Botulinum Toxin into Foot Muscles.
[BACKGROUND] Poor response to injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) into the flexor digitorum longus (FDL) muscle has been reported especially in patients with claw foot deformity. We previously advocated BoNT injection into the flexor halluc…
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Effects of Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle Anatomical Structure on the Response to Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Patients with Post-Stroke Claw Foot Deformity.
(1) Background: The purpose of this retrospective case-control study was to determine the relationship between the control of toe movements by flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) muscles and the response to treatm…