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Filler Injection Techniques and Ultrasound Observations: Ultrasound-Based Classification of Volume Deficiency in Nasolabial Folds.
[BACKGROUND] Nasolabial folds (NLFs) are a hallmark of facial ageing, and precise correction requires detailed anatomical and vascular mapping. High-resolution ultrasound offers real-time visualisation of soft-tissue layers, filler distribu…
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Hyaluronic acid fillers for supraorbital hollowing: A prospective cohort study of efficacy and longevity.
[BACKGROUND] Supraorbital hollowing from age-related volume loss or post-blepharoplasty overresection causes upper sulcus deflation. Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are frequently used in the upper eyelid, but prospective clinical follow-up da…
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Challenges with Conventional Dermal Filler Guidelines: Considering Multi-Axes Facial Rotation Asymmetry Patterns.
Facial asymmetry is inherent from birth, and it becomes more pronounced with age due to changes in the facial skeleton at various rates and locations. As new insights into "multi-axes facial rotation" patterns emerge, there is a pressing ne…