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Reduction mammaplasty: a review of managed care medical policy coverage criteria.
[BACKGROUND] Insurance companies evaluate the medical necessity for breast reduction surgery based on internal company medical policies, but the correlation of insurance company criteria to the scientifically established indications for red…
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Reduction mammaplasty: defining medical necessity.
The authors evaluated existing and new criteria for defining the medical necessity for breast reduction surgery. Two cohorts of women (those requesting breast reduction surgery [N = 266] and a group of controls [N = 184]) completed a questi…
- Medical wars: fighting corporate socialized medicine.
- The future is yours, my son.
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Silicon analysis of breast and capsular tissue from patients with saline or silicone gel breast implants: II. Correlation with connective-tissue disease.
The silicone breast implant controversy rages on. Recent work has demonstrated that normal or baseline breast tissue silicon levels in women who had had no prior exposure to any type of breast implant may be as high as 446 microg/gm of tiss…
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Determination of silicon in breast and capsular tissue from patients with breast implants performed by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. Comparison with tissue histology.
A method for analysis of silicon in tissue was developed to determine silicon content in breast parenchymal and periprosthetic capsular tissues of patients with silicone or saline implants and to compare levels in tissues from normal (nonau…
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A second look at the second-look technique in face lifts.
Hematoma remains a problematic complication of face lift surgery. Sequelae of hematomas may include temporary skin irregularities, a prolonged postoperative recovery period, skin necrosis, and a compromised final result. Attempts to maximiz…
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Striae distensae after augmentation mammoplasty.
Three cases of striae distensae of the breast after augmentation mammoplasty are presented. The patients were all in their early 20s and nulliparous. The striae developed in the first few months after surgery. A review of the literature on …
- History of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, Inc., 1931-1994: technical corrections.
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Reduction mammaplasty: cosmetic or reconstructive procedure?
Ninety-two of 220 plastic surgeons submitted information from 600 women (the last 15 to 20 reduction mammaplasties by each surgeon) regarding height, weight, and amount of breast tissue removed. In a second survey to estimate percentages of…
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Case of the disappearing breast implants.
In this case, after augmentation mammaplasty without infection or gross inflammatory reaction, Etheron implants decreased to a small volume of densely hyalinized tissue, leaving essentially no breast augmentation.…
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Capsular contracture: a prospective study of the effect of local antibacterial agents.
In a prospective, random, double-blind, and concurrently controlled clinical study of 124 patients having augmentation mammaplasty, using multiple independent subjective judges as well as objective compressibility measurements, the use of a…
- Objective clinical assessment of fibrous capsular contracture.
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Capsules, infection, and intraluminal antibiotics.
Staphylococcus epidermidis, a normal cutaneous inhabitant previously shown to be present in 67 percent of nipple secretions, has been cultured from 55 percent of surgical mammary pockets prior to implant insertion and from the interior of 7…
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The second-look technique in face lifts--does it work?
Charts of 120 patients who have undergone face lifts in a single practice have been reviewed for objective evidence of postoperative hematoma formation following traditional or second-look face lift surgery. The respective rates of hematoma…
- The free flap - practical applications of microvascular surgery.