보툴리눔독소 주사 Botulinum Toxin Injection

[BACKGROUND] Hypertonia is a common presentation in Paediatric clinics, but unifying operationalised models of care to guide a coordinated treatment approach currently lacking. [AIM] We reviewed the published literature on models of care f…

[BACKGROUND & AIMS] Pyloric dysfunction contributes to chronic nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain in adults and children. The Functional Luminal Imaging Probe (FLIP) has been used in adults to characterize pyloric distensibility as a mark…

[BACKGROUND] Monitoring of adverse events for aesthetic BoNT-A (BoNT-A) through pharmacovigilance databases provides critical insight into real-world safety profiles. Previous analyses suggested substantial underreporting, yet comprehensive…

[AIMS AND OBJECTIVES] Botulinum toxin (BTX) injections have gained great attention for the management of myofascial pain involving the masticatory muscles as alternative or complementary to other treatments. The objective is to evaluate how…

Migraine headaches are highly prevalent and, for women below the age of 50, the leading cause of years lived with disability. Migraines disproportionately affect persons of lower socioeconomic status and those who are uninsured, and they re…

[BACKGROUND] Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a frequent and often severely distressing complication following limb amputation. Despite a broad range of available therapeutic approaches, its treatment remains clinically challenging. Many interven…

[BACKGROUND] The lower face conveys critical interpersonal signals and is central to how patients are emotionally evaluated by others. As botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is increasingly used in the perioral and mandibular region, there is a…

Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is a small GTPase that regulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics and synaptic plasticity. Rac1 has been implicated in active forgetting, but whether it also constrains the consolidation of new m…

[BACKGROUND AND AIMS] Standard management of dry eye disease (DED) relies on artificial tears, anti-inflammatory therapy, and punctal occlusion in selected cases. However, some patients continue to report persistent symptoms. The present ar…

[BACKGROUND] Although the benefits of botulinum toxin last for 3-4 months, the durability has not been quantitatively evaluated. Recent studies have suggested that combining botulinum toxin injections with neuromuscular retraining can enhan…

Gas bloat syndrome (GBS) is a recognized complication of fundoplication, most commonly associated with the Nissen technique and rarely reported after Toupet fundoplication. We present a 42-year-old man who developed acute GBS with necrotic …

This study examines the immediate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aesthetic procedural rates, across the United States (US), Latin America, Europe, and Asia. Procedural counts from 2017 to 2024 were extracted from the International Socie…

[BACKGROUND] Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to enhance medical practice, but its application in plastic surgery remains underexplored. DeepSeek-R1 and ChatGPT-4.5 are AI models that can assist with clinical tasks, but their …

[PURPOSE] Pricing transparency and patient willingness to pay (WTP) are critical yet underexplored in aesthetic surgery. Cosmetic procedures have been described as exhibiting characteristics consistent with luxury or Veblen goods in certain…

<b>Introduction:</b> Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ASD) is a focal laryngeal dystonia characterized by involuntary vocal fold spasms, resulting in a strained and effortful voice. Botulinum toxin injection is the standard treatme…

The lip flip procedure, involving intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin into the orbicularis oris, has gained popularity as a minimally invasive alternative to lip fillers. In this prospective study, 17 women underwent standardized upp…