[Scalp blocks. A useful technique for neurosurgery, dermatology, plastic surgery and pain therapy].
Abstract
Safe and effective cranial analgesia can be achieved by blocking the sensitive nerves of that region. These include the supraorbital nerve, the supratrochlear nerve, the zygomaticotemporal nerve, the auriculotemporal nerve and the greater and lesser occipital nerves which are accessible at typical and most proximal points. Preferably long acting local anesthetics such as ropivacaine 0.75% or levobupivacaine 0.5% are used supplemented with 5 microg/ml epinephrine to reduce systemic resorption and to elongate the duration. Scalp blocks are useful for intraoperative neurologic testing of the patient during awake craniotomy or for supplementation of general anesthesia for other forms of craniotomy. Other applications are minimally invasive and stereotactic neurosurgery including deep brain stimulation, photodynamic therapy of actinic ceratosis, cranial plastic surgery and pain therapy.
추출된 의학 개체 (NER)
| 유형 | 영어 표현 | 한국어 / 풀이 | UMLS CUI | 출처 | 등장 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 해부 | nerves
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 해부 | brain
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 해부 | cranial
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | Scalp
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | cranial
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | anesthesia
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 약물 | epinephrine
|
에피네프린 | dict | 1 | |
| 약물 | ropivacaine
|
C0073571
ropivacaine
|
scispacy | 1 | |
| 약물 | levobupivacaine
|
C0873118
levobupivacaine
|
scispacy | 1 | |
| 질환 | pain
|
C0030193
Pain
|
scispacy | 1 | |
| 질환 | intraoperative neurologic testing of the patient
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 질환 | actinic ceratosis, cranial plastic surgery
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 질환 | Scalp
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 기타 | supraorbital nerve
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 기타 | supratrochlear nerve
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 기타 | zygomaticotemporal nerve
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 기타 | auriculotemporal nerve
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 기타 | occipital nerves
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 기타 | patient
|
scispacy | 1 |
MeSH Terms
Anesthetics, Local; Cranial Nerves; Craniotomy; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Nerve Block; Neurosurgical Procedures; Pain; Photochemotherapy; Scalp; Surgery, Plastic
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