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Among the reconstructive options available for buccal mucosa defects with an intact mandible, free flap with microvascular anastomosis is the best option. However, in the developing world, with poor resources, limited in- frastructure, and …

[OBJECTIVE] A very few flaps would be described as versatile as the Keystone Flap. There is an increasing demand for coverage of defects in lower limb due to traumatic defects as well as other parts of the body. Keystone flap is one of its …

As microsurgical expertise has improved, allowing for the safe transfer of smaller and more refined flaps, free tissue transfer has continued to gain popularity for the management of pediatric soft tissue and bony defects. For the past 2 de…

Advanced mandibular osteoradionecrosis is arguably among the most challenging cases for reconstructive head and neck surgeons. Several reconstructive methods for complex mandibular defects have been reported; however, for advanced mandibula…

Soft tissue defects of the hallux represent a reconstructive challenge. Traditional options include regional flaps based on the first dorsal metatarsal artery (FDMA). However, the resultant bulky neo-hallux and contouring defect of the dono…

Soft tissue cover to the hand can be as simple as a skin graft, local, distant flaps to a complex microvascular free flap. Posterior interosseous artery (PIA) flap is a technically demanding robust flap which can be used to cover a wide ran…

[BACKGROUND] The scalp is an important functional and aesthetic structure that protects the cranial bone. Due to its inelastic characteristics, soft-tissue defects of the scalp make reconstruction surgery difficult. This study aims to provi…

[BACKGROUND] Oncologic resection of the scalp confers several obstacles to the reconstructive surgeon dependent upon patient-specific and wound-specific factors. We aim to describe our experiences with various reconstructive methods, and de…

A superior advantage of the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap is that any donor site residue can easily be hidden by clothing. Usually designed as narrow or moderate-sized flaps based on medial perforators of the superfici…

[BACKGROUND] Open fractures are among the most severe injuries observed in orthopedic patients. Treating open fractures is difficult because such patients with infections may require multiple operations and amputations. Furthermore, only a …

Complete necrosis of the nipple, areola, or both is a uncommon complication of reduction mammaplasty, especially if it happens bilaterally. This case involving a young, black female illustrates that, in a large open wound of the breast, it …

[LEARNING OBJECTIVES] Identify factors associated with skin graft take in fibula free flaps (FFF) and radial forearm free flaps (RFFF) donor sites. [STUDY OBJECTIVES] To determine which factors are associated with decreased skin graft take…

[IMPORTANCE] The fibula free flap donor site is associated with both short-term and long-term morbidity. Split-thickness skin graft (STSG) loss can lead to long delays in donor site healing and is associated with significant adverse sequela…

[OBJECTIVE] To investigate the effectiveness of free sensate intercostal artery perforator flap for the hand soft tissue reconstruction. [METHODS] Between March 2010 and September 2015, 19 cases of hand soft tissue defect were repaired wit…

[BACKGROUND] Scalp reconstruction has always been a challenging problem after oncological resection. Advanced surgical techniques can reconstruct any defects, but there are a large number of patients who cannot benefit from surgery for imma…

[BACKGROUND] Many studies have evaluated the reverse sural fasciocutaneous flap for coverage of wounds on the distal lower extremity, and many of these have focused on younger, healthy patients. However, to our knowledge, there has been no …

To evaluate the clinical effects of anterolateral thigh free flap with fascia lata in the repair of dura mater defect after resection of head squamous cell carcinoma. From June 2016 to June 2018, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical Univer…

Reconstruction of posttraumatic soft tissue defects has been revolutionized after the application of microvascular free flaps. However, standard flaps are limited in size and may not completely cover the defect. Flap expansion which is indi…

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common skin cancers. In the treatment of cSCC, it is necessary to remove it completely, and reconstructive surgery, such as a skin graft or a local or free flap, will be required, …

 Persistent dead space following flap cover is a frequently encountered challenge following the reconstruction of complex wounds. It may lead to a hematoma, seroma, wound infection, and wound dehiscence. Wound dehiscence could be a devastat…