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Twelve Drummers Drumming… With Dystonia.
[BACKGROUND] Reports of drummers' dystonia are rare, particularly compared to the literature on dystonia in string, piano and brass players. Several cases of drummers' dystonia have been included in large series of multiple instrumentalists…
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FDA Approvals and Consensus Guidelines for Botulinum Toxins in the Treatment of Dystonia.
In 2016, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) published practice guidelines for botulinum toxin (BoNT) in the treatment of blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, adult spasticity, and headache. This article, focusing on dystonia, provides con…
- Phenomenology of Muscle Spasms in Satoyoshi Syndrome and Treatment With Botulinum Toxin Injections.
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Treatment of Dystonia: Medications, Neurotoxins, Neuromodulation, and Rehabilitation.
Dystonia is a complex disorder with numerous presentations occurring in isolation or in combination with other neurologic symptoms. Its treatment has been significantly improved with the advent of botulinum toxin and deep brain stimulation …
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Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Cervical Dystonia.
The use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of cervical dystonia (CD) was first reported in 1985. Since then, four commercially available formulations have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in CD, including thr…