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Effects of botulinum toxin dilution with isolated lidocaine (without epinephrine) on injection pain and post-operative complications: pilot randomized clinical trial.
[INTRODUCTION] Pain and complications of botulinum toxin injection are important deterrents that may reduce patient satisfaction. Toxin attenuation via lidocaine (with or without epinephrine) might alleviate pain. Except a recent study, no …
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Effects of lidocaine incorporation (without epinephrine) on pain and 2-week complications of botulinum toxin: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.
No study has assessed the effects of the incorporation of isolated lidocaine into botulinum toxin for reducing its pain or complications. Studies on the dilution of botulinum toxin with other materials are as well extremely few, small, and …
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External Nasal Valve Efficacy Index: a simple test to evaluate the external nasal valve.
Many methods and techniques have been proposed for the assessment of the nasal valve, most requiring special equipment. Furthermore the main focus has been on the internal valve, while the role of the external nasal valve (ENV) has usually …