Rohrich RJ ⚠ 동명이인 가능성

The keystone represents the union of six distinct anatomical structures between the bony vault and the cartilaginous midvault. In reshaping the nasal dorsum, the individual components of the nose respond variably as the fusion points of the…

Middle Eastern rhinoplasty requires especially precise preoperative planning to achieve a successful result. Among all aesthetic surgery procedures, there is a higher demand for rhinoplasty among Middle Eastern cultures. The key is to maint…

[BACKGROUND] Although the number of women becoming plastic surgeons has increased during the past six decades, in comparison with the current gender parity in medical schools, plastic surgery still attracts disproportionately more men. Prev…

This second article of a three-part series addresses techniques and recommendations for aesthetic treatment of the midface. Injectable fillers are important for rejuvenation of the midface by replacing lost volume and providing structural s…

[BACKGROUND] Cosmetic surgery among male patients has become increasingly popular. The face-lift technique is different in male patients, specifically regarding preservation of hair follicles, restoration of a youthful and well appearance, …

Rejuvenating an aged face relies on maintaining facial harmony to provide optimal aesthetic results. Restoration of more youthful facial contours is dependent on blending the aesthetic facial topographic units. Many authors continue to deba…

The increasing variety of breast implants has led to their classification into "profile" types to guide implant cataloguing and selection. Implant "profile" describes the overall silhouette of the implant. It represents a permutation of all…

Lower lid blepharoplasty is one of the most complex procedures performed by plastic surgeons and may cause significant long-term sequelae, including inadequate aesthetic outcomes if not performed with a thorough understanding of anatomy and…

Functional and aesthetic manipulation of the nose relies on a detailed understanding of nasal anatomy and a meticulous dissection. Maneuvers are performed in four regions of the nose: nasal tip, dorsum, posterior septum, and caudal septum. …

The unique anatomy of the soft-tissue triangle makes it prone to notching in primary, secondary, and reconstructive rhinoplasty. Understanding the anatomy of the region is critical to appropriate treatment. This article is meant to further …

Nasal tip refinement is one of the most difficult aspects of rhinoplasty surgery. In this article, the senior author (R.J.R.) presents his technique for nasal tip analysis and identifies the factors that contribute to nasal tip shape. Vario…

[UNLABELLED] Many rhinoplasty patients present with a chief complaint of nasal deviation and are unaware of any inherent facial asymmetries; however, recognizing and discussing the interrelation between the deviated nose and facial asymmetr…

The open rhinoplasty technique facilitates accurate visualization of deformities and aesthetic disharmonies in addition to visualization for precise correction. Through a series of videos, this case represents the evolution of the open rhin…

[UNLABELLED] Alar flare is a common feature that contributes to the width of the lower third of the nose. In the right patient, alar flare reduction can improve nasal harmony and facial aesthetic balance; however, it is also difficult to co…

[BACKGROUND] The American Society of Plastic Surgeons' "Do Your Homework" campaign strives to educate the public on how to identify providers who can safely perform aesthetic/cosmetic/plastic surgery. Although the campaign continues to heig…

Since its popularization in the 1980s, evidence-based medicine has become the cornerstone of American health care. Many specialties rapidly adapted to the paradigm shift of health care by delivering treatment using the evidence-based guidel…

[LEARNING OBJECTIVES] After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Recognize the various types of botulinum toxins and their differences. 2. Identify current indications, both approved and off-label. 3. Inject botulinum…

The use of neuromodulators has increased by approximately 748 percent from 2000 to 2014 and has become an integral adjunct for facial rejuvenation. Knowledge of facial anatomy, accurate facial analysis, and familiarity with neurotoxin chara…

[BACKGROUND] Ear lobule ptosis and deflation are characteristics of facial aging. A rhytidectomy without rejuvenation of a deflated ear lobule may fail to address all aspects of facial aging. Fillers have been used to treat ear lobule defla…

Gynecomastia is a benign proliferation of male breast glandular tissue. Gynecomastia can affect men at any stage of life. Traditional treatment options involved excisional surgeries with periareolar or T-shaped scars, which can leave more v…

Upper arm contouring is based on the location and amount of excess skin and fat. The short-scar brachioplasty addresses minimal to moderate skin laxity and lipodystrophy in the proximal arm in patients with appropriate skin tone and quality…

[BACKGROUND] Capsular contracture is a complication of breast augmentation that frequently requires revision surgery. "Capsulectomy, site change, and implant exchange" has been referred to as the gold standard treatment of clinically signif…

Correction of a crooked nose is one of the most common requests from patients presenting for rhinoplasty. Both esthetic and functional issues are typically present in patients with this deformity. Rhinoplasty for the crooked nose is particu…

[BACKGROUND] Alar rim deformities such as retraction, notching, collapse, and asymmetry are common problems in rhinoplasty patients. Although alar rim deformities may be improved through rhinoplasty, this area is prone to late changes becau…

There have been a variety of techniques describing nasal tip refinement. The cephalic trim has long been accepted as a means for shaping the nasal tip, but it has been misinterpreted by many surgeons. The improper use of a cephalic trim pos…