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Authors' Response to Comment on "When Genes Meet Gels: Computational Immunogenetics of Dermal Fillers and Stratified Risk of Immune and Fibrotic Reactions Across Compositions and Genotypes".
We thank the correspondents for their thoughtful commentary on our recently published computational framework evaluating immune and fibrotic risk associated with dermal filler materials. We clarify that the proposed model was intentionally …
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Computational modelling the impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists on botulinum toxin A: Evidence for reduced treatment durability across neurologic and aesthetic indications.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have transformed metabolic and aesthetic medicine, yet their potential influence on botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) pharmacodynamics remains unexplored. Using the AesthetiSIM™ microsimul…
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Computational model-informed comparative evaluation of botulinum toxin a formulations: A 20-year simulation of onset, diffusion, duration, and immunogenicity.
Comparative evaluation of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) formulations is limited by short clinical trials and lack of long-term safety data. This study applied a validated multiscale computational model (AesthetiSIM™) to simulate 20 y…
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Excipient substitution in botulinum toxin type A formulations: Insights from multi-scale in silico modelling.
Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) formulations differ mainly in excipients, which determine stability, aggregation, and diffusion. Using multi-scale in silico modelling (AesthetiSIM™), we evaluated excipient substitution across six marke…
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Challenging Interchangeability: Dynamic Dose-Response Modelling of Botulinum Toxin A Products.
[INTRODUCTION] Botulinum Neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) formulations are used worldwide for both aesthetic and therapeutic indications, yet dose conversion between products remains based on empirical ratios that ignore pharmacodynamic variabili…
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Breaking the 4-hour rule: Multiscale computational modelling redefines post-injection restrictions for botulinum neurotoxin A.
This study used a validated, literature anchored multiscale modelling platform (AesthetiSIM) to investigate whether common post injection behaviours influence the early distribution of botulinum toxin A (BoNT A). A cohort of 10,000 paired d…
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A 15-Year Computational Twin Modeling Study of Botulinum Toxin A Frequency and Age-Related Facial Aging.
[INTRODUCTION] Facial aging results from intrinsic biologic decline and extrinsic environmental influences, producing progressive changes in skin structure, collagen integrity, and soft-tissue support. Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) is…
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AI-Enabled Surveillance and Modelling for Counterfeit Botulinum Toxin A: Risk Projection, Patient Safety, and Systemic Reform of Pharmacovigilance.
[BACKGROUND] Counterfeit Botulinum Toxin A (BoNT-A) poses a growing global threat, particularly in aesthetic medicine where regulatory oversight is minimal and underreporting is widespread. Traditional pharmacovigilance systems such as FAER…
- Correction: AI-Enabled Surveillance and Modelling for Counterfeit Botulinum Toxin A: Risk Projection, Patient Safety, and Systemic Reform of Pharmacovigilance.
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Variant-aware computational assessment of neutralizing antibody binding robustness to botulinum toxin A.
Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is a widely used biologic therapeutic, yet the influence of natural toxin sequence variation on the stability of neutralizing antibody binding remains poorly understood. In this study, we performed a com…
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When Genes Meet Gels: Computational Immunogenetics of Dermal Fillers and Stratified Risk of Immune and Fibrotic Reactions across Compositions and Genotypes.
[BACKGROUND] Delayed inflammatory and fibrotic reactions to dermal fillers remain unpredictable, reflecting complex interactions between product composition and host genetics. [OBJECTIVE] To develop and validate a computational framework i…
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Predictive Modeling of Immunogenicity to Botulinum Toxin A Treatments for Glabellar Lines.
[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A), derived from Clostridium botulinum , is widely used in medical and aesthetic treatments. Its clinical application extends from managing chronic conditions like cervical dystonia and migraine to reduc…
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Computational Immunogenetic Analysis of Botulinum Toxin A Immunogenicity and HLA Gene Haplotypes: New Insights.
Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is widely used in both therapeutic and aesthetic settings; however, the formation of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) remains a critical concern, leading to treatment failure. Immunogenic responses are known to vary…
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A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness and Safety of Combining Biostimulators with Botulinum Toxin, Dermal Fillers, and Energy-Based Devices.
[INTRODUCTION] Aesthetic medicine has evolved towards minimally invasive procedures, with biostimulators like Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA), Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CaHA), and Polycaprolactone (PCL) gaining attention for their role in collagen…
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Decades of Scientific Data and Global Media Reporting on Complications in Non-surgical Aesthetic Treatments for a Transparent Safety Profile: Kissing Snow White Awake.
[INTRODUCTION] Non-surgical aesthetic treatments (NSATs) have gained significant traction over the past two decades, prized for their minimally invasive nature, cost-effectiveness, and rapid outcomes. Yet complications associated with these…
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Computational Modelling Suggests Bacteriostatic Saline Does Not Reverse Botulinum Toxin-Induced Brow Ptosis.
Anecdotal reports have recently circulated suggesting that intramuscular injection of bacteriostatic saline (BS)-which contains benzyl alcohol (BnOH)-can reverse botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA)-induced brow ptosis. Given the well-established…
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In silico multiscale computational modelling of botulinum toxin a diffusion for glabellar wrinkle treatment: Optimizing injection volumes across formulations.
While botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is a cornerstone in glabellar wrinkle treatment, inconsistencies in clinical outcomes often stem from formulation-dependent diffusion behaviour. Currently volumes recommendation per site lacks mechanist…
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AI-Driven Insights into Glabellar Wrinkle Patterns: Reassessing the Standardised Botulinum Toxin: An Injection Protocol to Address Anatomical Variability.
[INTRODUCTION] Glabellar wrinkle patterns, a visible manifestation of facial dynamics and ageing, result from complex interactions between anatomical and functional variables such as muscle interdigitation density, skin elasticity, and subc…
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A Systematic Review to Explore the Role of Industry and Regulators on Minimally Invasive Aesthetics Education: A Tale of Two Cities.
[INTRODUCTION] The aesthetic medicine industry has seen significant growth due to technological advancements and increasing demand for minimally invasive procedures. This sector's influence on educational institutions is profound, often sha…
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Science or Spectacle? A Critical Evaluation of the Decade of Aesthetic Medicine Conferences Using the Punctuated Equilibrium Framework.
[BACKGROUND] The global aesthetic medicine industry is expanding rapidly, with conferences serving as crucial platforms for knowledge exchange and collaboration. However, concerns have emerged about the increasing prioritization of commerci…
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Intradermal Botulinum Toxin A on Skin Quality and Facial Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin A (BTxA) has gained popularity as a nonsurgical aesthetic treatment for skin rejuvenation. However, previous studies on intradermal BTxA have shown inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis …
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Embracing Spectrum: Celebrating LGBTQIA+ Journeys in Aesthetic Medicine: A Kaleidoscope of Identity.
[PURPOSE] This synaptic systemised review critically examines the provision of aesthetic medical care to LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, and more) individuals, assessing both the clini…
- Unraveling the Intricacies of Early Complications in Hyaluronic Acid Filler Procedures: A Scholarly Critique and Analysis.