유방 Breast

Breast reduction using the technique of free nipple areolar grafting still has a place in selected cases. The surgical technique used by the senior author is described together with an analysis of the 22 cases operated on including the resu…

[INTRODUCTION] Anatomy and classification of intercostal perforator flaps in addition to our experience with will be demonstrated for different indications. [MATERIAL AND METHODS] The intercostal vessels form an arcade between the aorta an…

Klippel Trenauney syndrome is a rare congenital abnormality that includes extremity hypertrophy. We report an unusual case of breast asymmetry due to unilateral chest and limb hypertrophy and describe successful unilateral breast reduction.…

After conservative treatment for small breast cancer the use of breast implants is controversial due to the negative effects of external conventional radiotherapy on soft tissues and the risk of capsular contracture. The literature reports …

Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate (EEC) syndrome is a rare condition that may result in failure of breast development. Breast reconstruction in these patients may pose a challenging problem, as they are young and reconstr…

A 45-year-old patient had routine cosmetic bilateral breast augmentation 6 years previously using cohesive gel implants. She presented 4 years later with a breast lump and multiple axillary lymph nodes. Exploration revealed that the breast …

During the last decades breast augmentation has gained worldwide acceptance. In addition to the inframammary and periareolar approach for augmentation mammaplasty, the transaxillary route provides an elegant means of retaining the integrity…

[UNLABELLED] Morphea, or localised scleroderma, is characterised by excess collagen deposition by lesional fibroblasts. This results in thickening and induration of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, often causing considerable morbidity. Ra…

[PURPOSE] Elective cosmetic surgery (ECS) in the absence of physical indications is often performed to improve psychosocial function. Third-party funders need evidence of its effectiveness if they are to respond in an evidence-based way to …

[INTRODUCTION] The role of the cellular microenvironment in breast tumorigenesis has become an important research area. However, little is known about gene expression in histologically normal tissue adjacent to breast tumor, if this is infl…

Establishing a model system that more accurately recapitulates both normal and neoplastic breast epithelial development in rodents is central to studying human breast carcinogenesis. However, the inability of human breast epithelial cells t…

[BACKGROUND] The positive effects of aesthetic plastic surgery with respect to body image and self-esteem have been reported in the literature. However, the possible effects of aesthetic surgery on the sexual practices and characteristics o…

[BACKGROUND] To obtain an ideal outcome in breast augmentation procedures, breast implants may be overfilled to reduce wrinkles and improve longevity. Determination of the optimal volume for saline-filled breast implants remains problematic…

The author still performs lipoplasty-only breast reduction in 85% of patients, but he now offers all patients a vertical mastopexy performed in the same session rather than the possibility of a 2-stage procedure. Further refinements to the …

Capsular contracture is the most troublesome and distressing complication after breast augmentation for both the surgeon and patient. The etiology of capsular contracture remains unclear. Clinical treatment for this complication is based on…

Until 20 years ago, penis size (either nonerected or erected) was not mentioned, discussed, or defined even in serious books of human anatomy. The need of some men to enlarge and elongate their penile size is equivalent to the need of some …

[BACKGROUND] The inferior pedicle technique is the most common breast reduction procedure performed in the United States today. Traditionally, it has been recommended that pedicle techniques not be used for large volume breast reduction (>1…

Building on the work of others who have advocated securing breast tissue to adjacent structures to achieve better projection, the author presents a technique that eliminates the lateral axillary roll deformity while using this tissue to aug…