에피네프린 Epinephrine

[IMPORTANCE] Liposuction is one of the most common cosmetic surgery procedures in the United States. Tumescent liposuction, in which crystalloid fluids, lidocaine, and epinephrine are infused subcutaneously before cannula-assisted aspiratio…

Patients are occasionally unhappy with the size, shape, and positioning of breast implants. An option to improve their satisfaction with breast augmentation includes directly involving them in the process with awake surgery done under nerve…

[BACKGROUND] Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related facial lipoatrophy seems to be the most distressing manifestation for individuals with HIV. It can be stigmatizing, severely affecting quality of life and self-esteem. Ever-increasing …

[LEARNING OBJECTIVES] After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Accurately state the indications for breast imaging prior to breast reduction; 2. List the modifiable risk factors in a woman considering breast reducti…

[BACKGROUND] Despite the use of many different strategies and techniques and notwithstanding recent advances such as fibrin glue and short scar operations, hematoma remains the most common complication in rhytidectomies. [METHODS] This stu…

[BACKGROUND] Nipple hypertrophy is associated with physical and psychological sequelae, leading patients to seek corrective treatment. [OBJECTIVES] The authors present a simple surgical technique to reduce nipple height with minimal tissue…

[INTRODUCTION] In esthetic treatments with dermal fillers, increasing numbers of physicians are using the technique of mixing an anesthetic agent into the dermal filler before treatment to increase the comfort of the patients. This study ai…

[BACKGROUND] Bupivacaine levels have not been measured in cosmetic surgery patients to establish safety. Blood loss has been underestimated using the small volumes present in the aspirate. The proportion of wetting solution removed by lipos…

Initial, variably successful attempts of fat sculpting date back to the beginning of the 20th Century, but Gerard Illouz was the first to introduce the modern, safe, widespread method of liposuction. Preoperative injection of local anaesthe…

Acute hematoma remains one of the most frequently encountered complications after face-lift surgery. Several risk factors inherent to the patient and omission of certain intraoperative regimens are considered to cause hematoma. Significant …

Safe and effective cranial analgesia can be achieved by blocking the sensitive nerves of that region. These include the supraorbital nerve, the supratrochlear nerve, the zygomaticotemporal nerve, the auriculotemporal nerve and the greater a…

[BACKGROUND] Previous studies indicate that antibacterial lavage and/or use of topical antibiotics may reduce infection in breast implant surgery and perhaps also reduce occurrence of capsular contracture. A retrospective analysis was perfo…

[PURPOSE OF REVIEW] American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery statistics show outpatient cosmetic procedures increased from 3 to 11 million (1997-2007), an increase of 457%, and $13 billion was spent. Exponential growth, complexity of c…

[BACKGROUND] Breast reduction is a very common procedure within the field of plastic surgery, with many techniques. These techniques include differences in the location of the pedicles and of the scars. Another variation on the technique fo…

[UNLABELLED] Hair transplantation is a surgical method of hair restoration. [PHYSICIAN QUALIFICATION] The physician performing hair transplantation should have completed post graduation training in dermatology; he should have adequate back…

[BACKGROUND] In submuscular breast augmentation, the muscle is transected along its inferior and medial border to allow the implant to rest beneath the breast mound and supply adequate cleavage. This leads to significant pain in the postope…

[UNLABELLED] Vitiligo surgery is an effective method of treatment for selected, resistant vitiligo patches in patients with vitiligo. PHYSICIAN'S QUALIFICATIONS: The physician performing vitiligo surgery should have completed postgraduate t…

The maximal recommended local anesthetic dose of lidocaine is 7 mg/kg; higher doses are used in tumescent liposuction. The objective of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of high-dose diluted lidocaine administered together…